Glucose Regulation Effect by the Functional Bitter Melon Compound BmpP® in Palmitic Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance HepG2 Cells

Citation: Chih Hsiang Chang, "Glucose Regulation Effect by the Functional Bitter Melon Compound BmpP® in Palmitic Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance HepG2 Cells", Universal Library of Medical and Health Sciences, Volume 03, Issue 02.

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background: Insulin resistance is one of the major causes and manifestations of diabetes. Previous studies have demonstrated the glucose-regulating effects of bitter melon. Therefore, this study employs a PA-induced insulin-resistant cell model to investigate the potential of functional bitter melon compound BmpP® in glycemic regulation. Methods: Insulin resistance was induced in HepG2 cells by exposure to 0.25 mM palmitic acid (PA) for 18 hours. The effects of BmpP® on cellular glucose oxidase activity, glycogen accumulation, and ono-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels were then evaluated. Results: BmpP® reversed the PA-induced reduction in glucose oxidase activity and glycogen accumulation in HepG2 cells. Additionally, PA-induced NEFA accumulation was alleviated following BmpP® treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that BmpP® enhances glucose utilization and exhibits potential as a functional food supplement for glycemic regulation.

Keywords: Bitter Melon, Functional Food, Insulin Resistant, HepG2.

https://doi.org/10.70315/uloap.ulmhs.2025.0302006